Improving the Performance of Influenza and
Pneumococcal Vaccines in Adults
November 1995

A Working Group Meeting

November 14 15, 1995
Holiday Inn, Georgetown
Washington, D.C.

Sponsored by:

Institute for
Advanced Studies in
Immunology and Aging

Co-Sponsors:

Venue
Sponsors
Agenda
Background
Utilization Issues: Factors Contributing to Low Levels
of Vaccine Use in Adults
Improved Education and Outreach
Basic Biomedical Research
Preclinical and Clinical Trials
Future Activities

Introduction

Benefits of Increased Use of Vaccines in Adults

Immunization Programs : Childhood vs. Adult
Impact of Influenza and Pneumococcal Disease
Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Demographics
Influenza Vaccination Benefits for Working Adults

Utilization Issues: New Views on Government Guidelines

Current Status of Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination
Current Recommendations
Overcoming Barriers to Increased Vaccination for Adults
Assessing the Quality of Managed Care
Managed Care and Adult Vaccination
Increased Vaccination Rates

Basic Science and Clinical Issues

Basic Research and Influenza Vaccine Development
Basic Research and Pneumococcal Vaccine Development
Basic Research to Improve Influenza Vaccine
Cytokines in Vaccine Enhancement Strategies
New Developments In Adjuvants
New Directions for Research and Collaboration: Pneumococcal Vaccines
New Directions for Research and Collaboration: Influenza Vaccines

International Perspectives On Increasing Adult Vaccine Coverage

Europe: Special Emphasis on France
Canada and Argentina

Access Issues

Extent of Prescriptive Authority and Vaccination Rates
Vaccination in Non-traditional Setting: the Mollen/Meditest Concept
Interventions to Improve Influenza Vaccination Rates
Other Interventions to Increase Influenza Vaccination Rates

Immunogenicity and Safety Issues

Definition of Target Groups
From Animal to Human Models: Evaluation of the Immune Response to Influenza Infection
Animal Models: Predictive Value
Adjuvant Safety Testing
Safety Concerns and Related Issues

Host Factors Affecting Immune Response and Implications for Vaccine Effectiveness

Nutrition
Stress
Environmental Agents
Exercise
Gender

Health Insurance Providers Perspective

Programs to Support Adult Immunizations
The Prudential Insurance: Company: Support for Adult Immunization
Blue Cross/Blue Shield: Support for Adult Immunizations

Influenza as a Model for Vaccine Development: NIAID's Perspective

Education Issues

Advertising to Promote Vaccination
Reaching Adults Outside the Traditional Health Care System
Vaccination as Part of Health Promotion
Provider Education
Encouraging Immunization Topics in Medical Education

Efficacy and Other Research-Related Issues

Diagnosis of Infection
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Influenza Vaccines
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccines
Using T-cell Responses to Predict Vaccination Outcomes
Influenza

Other Research-Related Issues

Bridging Studies Leading to Vaccine Licensure
Clinical Trial Outcomes and Implications for Labeling and Marketing
Improved Pneumococcal Vaccines for the Elderly

Summary Discussion and Key Follow-Up Issues

Basic Biomedical Research

Basic Research
Application and Development
Operations and Implementation
Future Topics

Efficacy and Clinical Trials

Use of Animal Models: Predictability
Use of Animal Models: Standardization
Trial Design: Interaction with FDA
Target Populations
Future Studies

Education and Delivery Issues

Goals
Priorities
Opportunities
Education and Outreach
Future Studies

Closing Plenary: Adult Vaccines in the Future

The evolutionary biology of viruses, potential emergence of new viruses in older adult populations, and the implications for new and/or improved adult vaccines
Mechanisms of Viral Evolution
Viral Evolution
Potential Emergence of New Viruses
New and/or Improved Adult Vaccines
Future Studies

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